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Periodontology is one of the important disciplines in oral clinical medicine, which covers a wide range of subjects and intersects with many basic disciplines. Under the environment of the implementation of modular teaching in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, the assessment method with separate propositions for the teaching and research section is still adopted. There is a mismatch between the assessment mode and the curriculum setting; the basic subject propositions are difficult to be combined with clinical cases; the knowledge point assessment is single, and the students' ability to integrate the knowledge points cannot be assessed. The development and construction of the comprehensive examination database for periodontology was based on curriculum integration, gathering the teaching backbones of various disciplines, focusing on periodontology, radiating all related disciplines, unifying the proposition outline, proposition type, proposition principle, combining with relevant knowledge points of various disciplines based on clinical cases, and tried to apply to clinical students majoring in stomatology. The use of the examination database promotes students' ability to flexibly apply theoretical knowledge to clinical case analysis, further promotes the reform of modular teaching, lays a solid foundation for future clinical work, and meanwhile provides an important basis for directions of the teaching and research section.
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Background and Objectives@#Epithelial-Mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the origins of myofibroblasts in renal interstitial fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) alleviating EMT has been proved, but the concrete mechanism is unclear. To explore the mechanism, serum-free MSCs conditioned medium (SF-MSCs-CM) was used to treat rat renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) fibrosis induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) which ameliorated EMT. @*Methods@#and Results: Galectin-3 knockdown (Gal-3 KD) and overexpression (Gal-3 OE) lentiviral vectors were established and transfected into NRK-52E. NRK-52E fibrosis model was induced by TGF-β1 and treated with the SF-MSCs-CM for 24 h after modelling. Fibrosis and autophagy related indexes were detected by western blot and immunocytochemistry. In model group, the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin (FN), Galectin-3, Snail, Kim-1, and the ratios of P-Akt/Akt, P-GSK3β/GSK3β, P-PI3K/PI3K, P-mTOR/mTOR, TIMP1/MMP9, and LC3B-II/I were obviously increased, and E-Cadherin (E-cad) and P62 decreased significantly compared with control group. SF-MSCs-CM showed an opposite trend after treatment compared with model group. Whether in Gal-3 KD or Gal-3 OE NRK-52E cells, SF-MSCs-CM also showed similar trends. However, the effects of anti-fibrosis and enhanced autophagy in Gal-3 KD cells were more obvious than those in Gal-3 OE cells. @*Conclusions@#SF-MSCs-CM probably alleviated the EMT via inhibiting Galectin-3/Akt/GSK3β/Snail pathway. Meanwhile, Gal-3 KD possibly enhanced autophagy via inhibiting Galectin-3/Akt/mTOR pathway, which synergistically ameliorated renal fibrosis. Targeting galectin-3 may be a potential target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Epiphyseal plate injury in children is very common, which can be caused by fracture, infection, malignant tumors, iatrogenic injury or other causes.Growth arrest and angulation or rotation deformity after epiphyseal plate injury would seriously affect the physical and mental health of children.At present, the success rate of bone bridge resection combined with corresponding material filling is super low.The construction of bioactive epiphyseal cartilage using cartilage tissue engineering technology has become a new research direction for the treatment of epiphyseal plate injury in children.Therefore, this review focuses on the current research on the regeneration of epiphyseal cartilage from the perspective of 3 elements of tissue engineering: seed cells, growth factors, and tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Objective:To observe any effect of supplementing continuous static stretching (CSS) with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in treating triceps surae spasm after a stroke.Methods:Sixty-four stroke survivors with triceps surae spasm were randomly divided into a conventional rehabilitation group, a shock wave group and a combined treatment group. In addition to conventional rehabilitation, the shock wave group received extracorporeal shock wave therapy twice a week and the combined treatment group received the shock waves during continuous static stretching. After 6 weeks of treatment all of the subjects were assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Brunnstrom classification of their functional recovery stage.Results:Before treatment there was no significant difference among the three groups. After the 6 weeks of treatment the average triceps surae tension in all three groups had eased significantly. At that point the average MAS and FMA scores of the shock wave group and the combined treatment group were significantly better than those of the conventional group. The combined treatment group then showed significantly better therapeutic effect than the shock wave group.Conclusions:Applying extracorporeal shock waves during continuous static stretching can significantly improve the stretching′s ability to reduce spasticity and improve motor functioning, at least of the triceps surae. Combining shock waves with modern traction methods is recommended for clinical application.
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Objective:To study the application of herbs of National TCM Master Li Jiren on treating atrophy with deficiency syndrome. Methods:By collecting 195 cases of atrophy-disease treated by Professor Li in Out-patient Medical Record System dated from January 2013 to December 2018, and FP-Growth computing paradigm was used to analyze frequency, FP-Growth enhanced computing paradigm was used to analyze the frequencyand association of symptoms and herbal pairs. Professor Li’s experience was accordingly summurized with clinic situation and Traditional Chinese Medicine theory. Results:There are 121 main symptoms among 195 selected cases, and amyotrophy (79 times), decreased muscle strength (69 times), difficulty in walking (52 times), weakness of upper extremities (43 times) and poor sleeping quality (33 times) rank the top 5 symptom. In terms of tongue manifestations, the color pink, pale, red and purple are the most; while in terms of pulses, weak, thread, deep and stringy were frequent. A total of 159 sorts of herbs were collected and Astragali Radix (140 times), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (103 times), Cistanches Herba (93 times), Psoraleae Fructus (87 times), Morindae Officinalis Radix (81 times) were the top 5. The herbs used are mainly with the function of tonifying deficiency, dispelling wind and dampness promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasisand. most of the herbs belong to liver, kidney and spleen meridians with warm character, sweet and bitter in taste. Association analysis between high-frequency herbs indicated that Astragali Radix is the core of most formulas, which conformed to Li’ s clinical experience. Three prescriptions were also obtained through cluster analysis. Conclusion:Professor Li treated atrophy diseases with deficiency syndrome by the unique idea of strengthening primordial qi and consolidating body resistance of Xin’an Medicine school. On the ground of using herbs to tonify, synergy of herbs, which were able todispel pathogenic wind, dredge channels and promote blood circulation for removing blood stasis, was achieved based on differentiation.
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Objective To investigate the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression in the smooth muscle tissue of ob/ob mice.Methods Study time:February 2017 to June 2017.Six ob/ob mice and 6 littermates aged 10 weeks were selected for the trial.The mesenteric artery smooth muscle tissues were collected.qRT -PCR was used to detect SPARC mRNA expression in smooth muscle tissue.The protein expression of SPARC was assayed by Western blot.Results The SPARC mRNA [(1.73 ± 0.65)] and protein [(1.73 ± 0.65)] in smooth muscle tissue of ob/ob mice presented higher expression compared with those in the littermates [(1.00 ± 0.31),(1.00 ± 0.33),t =8.437,5.533,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion The higher expression of SPARC in smooth muscles tissue of ob/ob mice may be involved in diabetes combined with atherosclerosis.
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Objective@#To study the response characteristics of the posterior intralaminar nucleus (PIN) of auditory thalamus in VGluT2-Cre transgenic adult mice when exposed to white noise and 10K pure tone stimulation.@*Methods@#All adult male Vglut2-Cre mice (8-12 weeks) were used in this study between Oct, 2017 and Oct, 2018. Using the calcium signal fiber photometry method, optic fiber was employed to locate on PIN by injecting AAV-hSyn-DIO-GCaMP6m virus, and thereafter, the activity of the target cluster neurons during different acoustic stimuli was recorded. Matlab was used for data processing and statistical analysis.@*Results@#(1)In both white noise and 10 kHz pure tone as a continuous three-second stimulation, the peak amplitude of calcium signal activity generated in PIN by white noise was superior to that of pure tone, the statistic result showed significantly difference (n=6, t=2.404, P=0.037 1) . (2)In addition, when white noise and 10K pure tone played as consecutive 3 or 5 pips within three-second stimulation, the stimulus-following ability in a consecutive 3 pulses play within 3 seconds was far better than a consecutive 5 pips play within 3 seconds (in both white noise and 10 kHz pure tone), yet consecutive 3 pips play showed greater signal attenuation speed than that in consecutive 5 pips play, the statistic result showed significantly difference (n=6, t=2.748 P=0.033 4) .(3)Regardless of the intra-group comparisons between white noise and 10 kHz pure tone stimulation, PIN showed better signal response in a consecutive 3 pips play than consecutive 5 pips play or a continuous three-second stimulation. When came to the statistical analysis, the acoustic response degree of a continuous three-second stimulation was an intermediate between two others, both consecutive 3 or 5 pips play showed significantly difference.@*Conclusions@#The results suggest that under the same acoustic intensity, VGluT2-Cre transgenic adult mice′s PIN shows greater signal response in white noise than pure tone. PIN shows greater signal attenuation to repetition play of 10 kHz pure tone, which implies PIN shows stronger adaptation to 10 kHz pure tone than to white noise. Lastly, PIN is more responsive to a complex sound information (white noise) than to simple sound information (pure tone).
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Artificial conduits, including ureteral stents and catheters, are used widely as drainage tools in the urinary system. However, various bacteria in the urine and long duration of insertion can arouse the biofilm formation on the pipeline surface, which calls for effective antibacterial strategy. In this article, the mechanism of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) is explained from the perspective of etiology. Then, the biofilm formation conditions and the features of urine are analyzed, the antibacterial agents and approaches suitable for ureteral stents and catheters are introduced and their pros and cons are discussed respectively.
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Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Catheters , Drainage , Stents , Urinary Catheterization , Urinary Tract InfectionsABSTRACT
Objective To establish and evaluate a rat model of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group (n=13), sham laser group (n=11) and NAION group (n=23). The right eye was set as the experimental eye. NAION model was induced by directly illuminating the optic nerve (ON) of the right eye with 532 nm green laser, after intravenous infusion with the photosensitizing agent Rose Bengal. Sham laser treatment consisted of illuminating the ON region with 532 nm laser without Rose Bengal injection. Rats in control group underwent no intervention. The appearance of optic disc was observed with funduscope at 12 hours, 1, 3, 7, 28 days post-illumination. The histologic changes in the retina and ON of the NAION model were evaluated qualitatively with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and transmission electron microscopy. The retrograde-labeled retinal ganglion cells (RGC) were counted on photographs taken from retinal flat mounts in a masked fashion.Results The optic disc in NAION eyes were swollen 3 days after photodynamic treatment. HE-stained longitudinal ON sections of NAION revealed vacuolar degeneration on day 3 after induction. Besides, ultrastructural study showed axonal edema and collapsed sheaths in the ischemic optic nerve at the same time point after modeling. ON edema resolved 7 days after induction. The final results revealed optic disc atrophy, extensive axonal loss, severe glial scar, and RGC death in large numbers 4 weeks after modeling. There were no aforementioned manifestations in control and sham laser group. The RGC density of the right eyes was statistically significantly lower in NAION group than that in control group and in sham laser group (t=?14.142, ?14.088;P=0.000, 0.000). The survival rate of RGC was statistically significantly lower in NAION group than in control group and in sham laser group (t=?17.048, ?16.667;P=0.000, 0.000). There was no difference of RGC density and survival rate of RGC between control and sham laser group (t=0.050, 0.348;P=0.961, 0.731).Conclusion A rat model of NAION was established successfully by photodynamic treatments with Rose Bengal, which induce optic nerve damage and RGC death.
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Objective · To investigate the clinical effects of photo-activated disinfection (PAD)-assisted non-surgical therapy on the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods · Eleven patients with chronic periodontitis (totally 118 selected sites) were randomly enrolled. A split-mouth self-control method was adopted. Selected sites with the probing depth (PD) of bilateral homonymous teeth ≥ 5 mm were randomly assigned to the group A (receiving scaling and root planning, SRP) and the group B (receiving SRP+ PAD). Periodontal clinical indexes, inflammation indexes, and periodontal pathogens at selected sites were examined at baseline and 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. Results · Both SRP alone and SRP+PAD improved the periodontal inflammation significantly. The positive rate of bleeding on probing (BOP) 12 weeks after treatment was remarkably lower in the group B than in the group A (37.3% vs 57.6%, P=0.042). Both SRP and SRP+PAD effectively decreased matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels in gingival crevicular fluid. The IL-1β levels 6 and 12 weeks after treatment were significantly lower in the group B than in the group A [(17.99±14.26) pg/mL vs (32.64±30.69) pg/mL, P=0.007; (11.37±10.25) pg/mL vs (23.85±15.55) pg/mL, P=0.000]. Both treatments decreased the ratio of P. gingivalis and F.nucleatum in total bacteria. Conclusion · PAD can serve as a potential adjunctive therapy to conventional SRP in the treatment of chronic periodontitis with better improvement of bleeding gums and control of periodontal inflammation.
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Objective · To observe short and medium term survival of implants in patients with chronic periodontitis after implantation. Methods · 54 patients with chronic periodontitis (133 implants) were enrolled from August 2011 to August 2013. The survival of implants was observed and the periimplant diseases were compared and analyzed between patients with different degrees of chronic periodontitis. Results · The 3-year survival rate of implants was 97.74%. The differences between patients with different degrees of chronic periodontitis were not statistically significant (P=0.452). Periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and modified plaque index (mPLI) were significantly higher in patients with severe chronic periodontitis than in patients with mild and moderate chronic periodontitis. For patients not receiving supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), the peri-implantitis rate in patients with severe chronic periodontitis was significantly higher than that in patients with mild and moderate chronic periodontitis (P=0.009). For smokers, the periimplantitis rate in patients with severe chronic periodontitis was significantly higher than that in patients with mild and moderate chronic periodontitis (P=0.016). Conclusion · For patients with chronic periodontitis, the theraputic effect of implant treatment is good. Plaque control, SPT, and smoking cessation can reduce the incidence of peri-implantitis.
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Objective·To isolate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and capsular polysaccharide (CPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and analyze their ability to induce THP-1 cells to secrete interleukin 8 (IL-8) in vitro. Methods·LPS and CPS were isolated from the polysaccharides by gel filtration chromatography, which had already been extracted from Pg ATCC33277 and SJD4. The isolated LPS and CPS from different strains were used to stimulate THP-1 cells in different doses and for different periods. The level of IL-8 in the cell culture suspension was measured by ELISA. Results·LPS and CPS were successfully separated from the polysaccharides in Pg ATCC33277 and SJD4. The relative molecular masses of LPS and CPS were 20000-50000 and 150000-500000, respectively. LPS and CPS could induce THP-1 cells to produce IL-8 in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The effect of LPS from ATCC33277 on secretion of IL-8 was greater than that of CPS with the dose of 0.1 μg/mL (P<0.05). However, the difference could only be found at 24 h in SJD4, and the effect of CPS was greater (P<0.05). Conclusion·As a component of polysaccharides extracted from Pg, CPS can induce THP-1 cells to secrete IL-8 in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner.
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Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the minimally invasive percutaneous surgery in the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture combined with posterior ligament injury.Methods The 94 cases of thoracolumbar fracture combined with posterior ligament injury who were admitted into our hospital from Septenber 2012 to January 2016 were selected and equally divided into the observation group and the control group(47 cases in each group) according to different methods.Patients of the observation group were treated with short segment of minimally invasive percutaneous surgery,while patients of the control group were underwent single segment of minimally invasive percutaneous surgery.Recorded the outcomes and prognosis of the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the operation time and blood loss between the two groups(P ＞ 0.05).The postoperative volume of drainage and the length of stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).The JOA score of the observation group 1 month after operation was significantly better than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of complications including pedicle screw breakage,pedicle screw loosening,incision infection,and pulmonary infection in the observation group was 4.3％,which was significantly less than 21.3％ in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The Cobb's angle of the obervation group and control group 1 month after operation were (8.55 ± 1.34) ° and (16.30 ± 2.33) ° respectively,which were significantly lower than (32.19 ± 1.98) ° and (32.08 ± 2.08) ° before operation (P ＜ 0.05).And the Cobb's angle 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The short segment of minimally invasive percutaneous surgery for the treatment of thoracolumbar fracture combined with posterior ligament injury can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,promote the patient's rehabilitation,correct the kyphosis and promote the recovery of neural function,which was safer and more efficient.
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Objective To investigate the effects of age and gender on anti-oxidative,antiinflammatory and anti-apoptosis functions of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).Methods Totally 120 healthy subjects aged from 20 to 60 years were randomly divided into young and middle-aged male (n=60) group and female (n =60) group,and the 120 healthy elderly aged from 60 to 78 years divided into elderly male (n =60) and elderly female (n =60) groups.Serum levels of high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C,LDL-C),total cholesterol (TC),and triacylglycerol (TG) were detected.Content of malonaldehyde (MDA) was detected to determine anti-oxidative function of HDL.Adhesion assay of endothelial cells and monocytes (THP1) was adopted to test the protective effects of HDL on endothelial cells.The expressions of endothelial cell adhesion molecules,VCAM-1 and ICAM-1,were analyzed by Western blot.MTT and flow cytometry assays were used to detect the viability and apoptosis of the cells to test anti-apoptosis function of HDL.Results The levels of low-density lipoprotein,triglycerides and total cholesterol were higher in elder female group than in other three groups (all P＜0.05).The level of HDL-C was higher in young and middle-aged females than in other three groups(all P＜0.05).The level of MDA was higher in elder female group than in other three groups(all P＜0.05).The level of MDA was higher in elder male group than in the young and middle-aged male and female groups(all P＜0.05).After protection of HDL,the number of monocytes adhesion and expression levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were higher in elder groups than in young and middle-aged male and female groups(all P＜ 0.05).Relative survival and viability rates of endothelial cells were higher in young and middle-aged groups than in elder groups (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Ageing in both male and female induces impairments of anti-oxidative,anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis functions of HDL,with more evident decrease in anti-oxidative function in females.
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Objective To study the relationship between IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and prostatic volume (PV) by examining the levels of insulin and insulin-like growth fator-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 ( IGFBP-3 ) and other indicators in patients with impaired glucose regulation and benign prostate hypertrophy. Methods According to 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, 109 BPH patients aged over 50 years were divided into three groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n = 56), impaired fasting glucose (IFG) group (n = 14), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT group, n = 39). The biochemical indicators and postatic hyperplasia related factors and IGF-1, GFBP-3 were measured. Results There were no statistical differences between the three groups in terms of blood lipids, homocysteine, urinary inhibition C, fasting insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin, IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of PV, prostate specific antigen, the quality of life score and the international prostate symptom score (P > 0.05). Fasting plasma glucose and insulin resistance index (HOMA IR) were higher in IFG group than NGT group (P′ < 0.017) and IGT group (P′ < 0.017). 2-hour plasma glucose and 2-hour insulin were higher in IGT group than NGT group (P′ < 0.017) and IFG group (P′ < 0.017). PV was positively correlated with FINS but not correlated with IGF-1, IGFBP- 3 by multiple multiple step wise regression analysis. Conclusion Oyperinsulinemia is a risk factor in the development of BPH with IGR, and IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are not associated with BPH risk. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the role of the IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in BPH.
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Aim To investigate the antagonistic effect of resveratrol on neuropathic pain and its underlying mechanism. Methods Neuropathic pain was induced by ligation of L5 spinal nerve (SNL) in rats. 90 male Sprague-Dawley rats, fit with intrathecal catheters were divided randomly into six groups ( n = 15 ): naive group; sham group; SNL group; high dosage of res-veratrol group (300μg);middle dosage of resveratrol group ( 30μg ) and low dosage of resveratrol group (3μg). The naive group did not make any process. In sham group, the L5 spinal nerve was only exposed without ligation. Other groups received SNL. Different dosages of resveratrol dissolved in 10μL 100% DMSO were administered by intrathecal injections once a day for 4 days, starting on day 4 after SNL. Paw withdraw-al latency (PWL) was measured on day 1,3,5,7,9, 11,14 days after surgery separately. On day 7 after be-havioral testing, the lumbar segments of the spinal cord were removed to measure the level of SIRT1 and acety-lated-p65(Ac-p65) for western blot. The activation of NF-κB was determined through calculating the percent-age of NF-κB-immunofluorescence positive staining cells in this study. Results Compared with sham groups,the SNL group showed an obvious decrease(P< 0. 05) of PWL and SIRT1 after surgery,whereas Ac-p65 and actived NF-κB significantly increased ( P <0. 05) in the spinal cord. Administration with high and middle dosages of resveratrol markedly attenuated(P <0. 05) SNL-induced thermal hyperalgesia and down-regulation of SIRT1 and blocked (P < 0. 05) the SNL-induced up-regulation of Ac-p65 and actived NF-κB in the spinal cord. Conclusion Intrathecal resveratrol can inhibit the development of neuropathic pain and suppress the activation of NF-κB signaling in SNL rats . The analgesic effect of resveratrol is implemented partly via increasing the level of SIRT1 and deacetylat-ing p65.
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Objective To observe the morbidity and clinical characteristics of primary aldosteronism (PA) in newly diagnosed patients with hypertension.Methods 255 patients with newly diagnosed high blood pressure were determined plasma renin activity (PRA),angiotensinⅡ(ATⅡ),aldosterone (PAC),cortisol (COR),adrenocortico-tropic hormone (ACTH)and 24h urinary vanilmandelic acid (VMA).They were examined renal artery color doppler and adrenal 64 row CT scan +enhancement scanning.Results 179 patients (70.20%)were diagnosed essential hypertension (EH).In EH patients,24 cases (13.41%)with hypokalemia.42 patients (16.47%)were diagnosed PA.In PA patients,18 cases (42 .86 %)with hypokalemia,25 cases(5 9 .5 2 % )with unilateral adrenal adenoma. Compared with EH patients,there were higher level of high density lipoprotein (HDL -C)(Z =-2.068,P =0.036),lower level of total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein (LDL -C),fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum kalium (Z =3.594,P =0.000;Z =2.807,P =0.005;Z =3.499,P =0.000;Z =8.435,P =0.000)in PA patients.The levels of plasma PRA and ATⅡin PA patients were lower than in EH patients(Z =3.673,P =0.000;Z =2.215,P =0.026).The levels of plasma PAC and ARR were higher than in EH patients (Z =8.562,P =0.000;Z =19.871,P =0.000).The minimum value of plasma PAC was 292.1pg/L,the ARR was 376.7 in 42 PA patients. The maximum value of plasma PAC was 311.3pg/L,and the ARR was 291.2.Conclusion There is high detection rate of PA in newly diagnosed hypertension.The unilateral adrenal adenoma is a main cause of PA.Hypokalemia is not common in PA patients.PA has little influence on glucolipid metabolism.ARR has high differential diagnosis accuracy for PA and EH.
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The 13th five-year plan pointed out clearly that it is necessary to implement food safety strategy , and form a manage-ment system for strict and efficient social co-governance of food safety .The paper introduced the practice and the results of food safety co-governance in Yunnan province , and provided some proposals with the purpose to help the development of food safety co -governance work in the other areas .
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Objective To explore the effects of intrathecal injection of acetyltransferase p300 inhibitor Garcinolon on hyperalgesia in a rat model of L5 spinal nerve ligation and its underlying mechanism. Methods After lumber intrathecal catheters implanted,90 male Sprague-Dawley rats (40-50 d,weighing 180-220 g)were randomly divided into six groups (n=15 each):Naive group (group N),Sham operation group (group S),SNL group (group C)and three Garcinol treatment groups (group H:500μg/kg,group M:100μg/kg,group L:20μg/kg).Group N did not receive any operation in rats.In group S,the L5 spinal nerve was only exposed without ligation.Other four groups all received spinal nerve ligation (SNL).Group N,group S and group SNL were administrated intrathcelly with 100% DMSO (10 μl)within 3 to 6 days after SNL surgery.Other three groups were treated with Garcinol 500μg/kg (group H),100μg/kg (group M),20 μg/kg (group L)at the same points respectively.Behaviorally,thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 1 day (T0 )before and on days 1(T1 ),3(T2 ),5(T3 ),7(T4 ),9(T5 ),11(T6 ),14(T7 )after surgery separately.On the 7th day after behavioral testing,the lumber segment of the spinal cord was removed to test the level of p300 and acetyl-p65 by western blot,while NF-κB was detected with immunofluorescence. Results Compared with group N,TWL was significantly shortened in group C,L,M and H,the levels of ace-tyl-p65 and p300 in group C,L,M and H were markedly increased,the expression of NF-κB in group C,L,M and H was markedly increased(P<0.05).Compared with group C,TWL was significantly prolonged in group M and group H,the levels of acetyl-p65 and p300 in group M and group H were dramatically decreased,the expression of NF-κB in group H was obviously decreased(P <0.05).Conclusion The acetyltransferase p300 inhibitor Garcinol imposes protective effect in SNL-induced neuropathic pain.Mechanisms are probably associ-ated with decreasing acetyl-p65 protein expression level in the NF-κB pathway.
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Objective Controversies remain as to the recovery time, recovery quality, and incidence of peri-recovery adverse reactions of the patient receiving general anesthesia with remifentanil and sufentanil.This study aimed to systematically assess the qual-ity of recovery from general anesthesia with remifentanil and sufentanil. Methods Randomized controlled trials ( RCTs) were re-trieved from The Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMbase, Ovid, Springer, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wan-Fang Data.According to the modified Jadad quality scale, the literature retrieved was screened and subjected to quality evaluation and meta-analysis was performed on the included studies using the RevMan 5.1 software. Results Thirty-three RCTs involving 2175 pa-tients were finally included.The results of meta-analysis showed no significant differences between the remifentanil and sufentanil groups undergoing thyroid surgery either in the recovery time to spontaneous breathing ( T1) and eye-opening ( T2) and endortracheal extubation time ( T3 ) ( P >0.05 ) or in the incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) (P>0.05).T1, T2 and T3 were significantly shorter in the sufentanil than in the remifentanil group in other types of surgery (P<0.05).The patients with level-1 Ramsay score were remarkably more in the remifentanil than in the sufentanil group ( MD =13.67, 95% CI 2.67 -69.91 ) ( P <0.05), and the VAS scores were markedly higher in the former than in the latter group at 30 minutes (MD=3.37, 95% CI 3.28-3.46) and 1 hour after extubation (MD=2.53, 95% CI 2.43 -2.63) (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with sufentanil, remifentanil provides a quicker recovery but a weaker analgesia effect and a higher rate of post-operative agitation.However, sufentanil produces a better pain relief and a higher quality of recovery after operation.